10 Types of Windows for Your Home

Types of windows for your home range from the ever-popular double hung, slider, and casement windows to unique types like bay windows and glass block windows. Whether buying replacement windows or new-construction windows, you'll find most of these window types available in either category. Find the right type of window for your home and budget.

Double Hung Windows

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Double-hung windows feature two large sashes that slide up and down within vertical tracks. The sashes slide independently of each other.

Older double hung windows are often counterbalanced by weights hidden in wall pockets behind the case moldings. Newer double-hung windows are counterbalanced by springs hidden in the side tracks. 

What Is a Window Sash?

A window sash is a unit of glass enclosed in its own frame.

Double hung windows are often used in homes with classic traditional styling, though they are also found in traditional-modern homes. Farmhouse and bungalow home styles make extensive use of double hung windows. 

Double hung windows work well for upper levels, where it's difficult to clean the windows from the outside. Upper sashes can be slid down or swung inward for cleaning.

Double hung windows can, in some cases, be a safety hazard for children. Opening the lower sash creates a large, accessible opening. Yet double hung windows can also be very safe. It's possible to keep the top sash open for ventilation while locking the bottom sash.

Pros

• Easy to open

• Vertical tracks stay clean

• Easy to clean outside

Cons

• Counterbalances wear out

• Can be a safety hazard

• Require maintenance

Single Hung Windows

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Single hung windows have both an upper and a lower sash, just like double hung windows. With single hung windows, though, the upper sash is fixed in place and the lower sash can be moved up and down.

Single hung windows are a slightly lower-cost alternative to double hung windows. With fewer moving parts that potentially can break, single hung windows are easier to maintain than double hung, slider, casement, or any type of window that moves.

Tip

Single hung and double hung windows lend themselves well to window grilles or muntins: plastic grids on the outside of the glass or within the glazing that simulate the look of separate window panes.

Single hung windows work best on first-level stories because the upper sash must be cleaned from the outside. Because the top sash is inoperable, it's not possible to open it up for ventilation as you can with double hung windows.

Pros

• Fewer moving parts to break

• Lower cost than double hung windows

• More energy efficient than double hung windows

Cons

• More difficult to clean exterior

• Upper ventilation not possible

• Less safe for children

Casement Windows

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Casement windows open and close like a door. Casement windows are controlled by a crank or another mechanism that gradually pivots the window. On the other side is a latch to hold the window locked when it is shut.

Casement windows look more modern or contemporary than double hung or single hung windows since they do not have the distinctive upper and lower sash design.

Casement windows close tightly, so they are effective at keeping out drafts. When you want air movement in the house, casement windows are able to direct outside air into the house. 

When fully extended, casement windows can be broken off by strong winds. Also, the cranking mechanisms are subject to wear and have a high failure rate.

Pros

• Tight window seal

• Directs air into house when needed

• Relatively secure

Cons

• Extended sashes easily broken

• Mechanisms prone to failure

• Higher maintenance

Awning Windows

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Awning windows are attached to the top of the window frame. The sash is attached at the top and it locks into place on the bottom. When fully open, an awning window looks like an awning.

Awning windows are often used in wet climates. The sash can be left open during light rain since the glass serves as an awning to prevent water from entering. Small awning windows are often used in the basement or in below-grade applications. 

Awning windows, like casement windows, operate via mechanical cranks that are subject to wear. So, they have a high failure rate and need more maintenance.

Pros

• Protects against rain

• Better ventilation

• Secure

Cons

• Higher failure rate

• More maintenance

• Poor for egress

Slider Windows

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Slider windows move from side to side. One or both of the sashes slide on horizontal tracks. 

Slider windows work well in modern home styles or on any type of home where a horizontal or landscape orientation is preferred over a vertical one. Popular with midcentury modern homes and ramblers, slider windows are easy to open and close and are very durable. 

With no cranks or complicated mechanisms, slider windows are simple to maintain. Slider window tracks attract dirt and debris, so they require frequent cleaning.

Pros

• Durable

• Easier to open and close

• Less expensive

Cons

• Tracks need frequent cleaning

• Difficult to clean outside glass

• No vertical shapes

Fixed Windows

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Fixed windows have a glass pane that is sealed within the window frame. Fixed windows do not open or close. The classic picture window is the most familiar example of a fixed window.

Fixed windows are used to provide view or light where ventilation or egress is not needed. They lend themselves to modern home styles and tend to be cheaper than other window styles.

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Fixed windows can create too much energy gain in warm, sunny climates because they cannot be opened. Fixed windows provide no means of admitting fresh air. Plus, the outside of fixed windows must always be cleaned from the outside—they do not open or swing inward.

Pros

• Very energy efficient

• Low maintenance

• Easy to clean

Cons

• Create heat gain

• No fresh air

• Difficult to clean outside

Skylight or Roof Windows

 

Andersen Ross / Getty Images

Roof windows and skylights are fixed or operable windows that are installed in a roof.

Roof windows and skylights bring light into areas where wall space for windows is limited. They can also improve light and ventilation in large open-concept rooms through the use of framed shafts, or chases, that extend from the skylight through the attic to the ceiling below. 

Pros

• Frees up walls

• Ventilate hot ceiling area

• Heat up spaces in winter

Cons

• Require building of shaft or chase

• Expensive

• Less energy efficient

Bay or Bow Windows

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A bay or bow window is a combination of windows that extends outward from the wall surface of the house. These windows are called bay windows when the shape of the extension is essentially square. They are known as bow windows when the shape is curved.  

Bay and bow windows are traditionally formed with a fixed center picture window flanked on the sides by one or more pairs of double-hung or casement windows. 

A bay or bow window can be used as a visual centerpiece in large living rooms, family rooms, or parlors. A window seat can be added to a bay or bow window to add seating and storage options.

Pros

• Add more light

• Distinctive architectural feature

• Seating and storage options

Cons

• Expensive due to multiple window units

• Difficult to build retroactively

• Invasive construction

Glass Block Windows

 deepblue4you / Getty Images

Glass block windows are fixed windows made with architectural glass blocks, usually mortared in place. The thick blocks are typically made from semi-opaque glass that allows light to pass through but still block views.

Glass block windows are most commonly used in bathrooms or other spaces where you want to introduce light while obstructing visibility. Glass blocks can also be installed in foundation walls to bring a modest amount of light into basements. Some styles of glass block windows include ventilating panels built into the unit. 

Glass block windows are very secure because not only are they fixed windows but they are mortared into place. Glass block windows can be difficult to integrate into some home styles.

Pros

• Very secure

• Durable

• Protect privacy

Cons

• Difficult to blend with all styles

• Cannot be opened

• Not for egress

Garden Windows

Courtesy of Window World of Chattanooga

Garden windows are five-sided window units that extend from the side of the house, usually with glass on four sides and a solid fifth side on the bottom.

Garden windows expand the space in a room just slightly. They can hold plants that need extra sunlight, as well as heat-resistant decorative items. They don't work very well for storage because all items are on prominent display. But you can add a smaller piece like a knife block without detracting from the look.

Pros

• Extra gardening space

• Some storage area

• Visual interest

Cons

• Require professional installation

• More expensive than conventional window

• May fail if heavily laden

FAQ

• What is the most common replacement window?

  The most common replacement windows are double-hung windows and slider windows. Both types of windows fit with a wide range of architectural styles. Also, both windows let you open one section for ventilation, while the other section is closed for safety.

• What type of house window do I have?

  A window that slides up and down is a double hung or a single hung window. A window that slides side to side is a slider window. If the window opens to the side with a crank (like a door), it's a casement window. Awning windows swing upward to form an awning shape.

• How many types of windows are there?

  There are at least 10 commonly used window types. Of those, there are four window types that are the most popular: double hung, single hung, slider, and casement windows.

• What style of window is most energy efficient?

  Most homeowners and home buyers are eager to cut energy costs and one way is to have the most energy-efficient double-or triple-paned windows available. All operable window styles lose some air. The most popular style, double hung windows, have more air leakage out of all window styles. The most energy-efficient window styles are awning and casement windows because the sashes close by pressing firmly against the frames to close off air leakage.

• Which window style is most secure?

  A fixed window, skylight, or glass black window are three of the most secure window styles because they are fixed and do not open. In terms of operable windows, casement windows are secure because the open gap is relatively narrow even when it is opened fully. 

Selecting the right window type is a crucial decision that goes beyond mere aesthetics; it influences your home’s comfort, energy efficiency and overall ambiance. However, choosing the right type of window can be a daunting task. Therefore, it’s important to do your research on window types to determine which window is best for your home.

Architectural Style

When choosing windows for your home, consider the architecture of the place. Different window types complement different architectural styles. For example, double-hung windows are often suitable for traditional or colonial-style homes, while casement windows may be more fitting for modern or contemporary designs.

Budget

Different window types vary in cost, so finding a balance between your preferences and your budget is essential. If you’re on a strict budget, consider the cost of different window types before making a decision. For example, picture windows and single-pane windows are typically great for those on a budget, but adding a bay window is a more expensive project.

Energy Efficiency

Look for energy-efficient windows to reduce heating and cooling costs. With features like double-pane glass, low-emissivity (Low-E) coatings and gas fills between panes, you can find windows to enhance insulation and minimize heat transfer, ultimately contributing to a more sustainable and cost-effective home.

Ventilation

Consider how you want your window to function when choosing a window. Some windows, like casement or awning windows, offer excellent ventilation because you can fully open them. Others, like picture windows, are stationary and don’t open but provide unobstructed views.

Aesthetic Preferences

Choosing the right window style and design can be a big deal, especially if you’re looking to update the look of your home. Your taste and aesthetic preferences are crucial in choosing the right window. Consider the window’s appearance both from the inside and outside your home. The color, grille patterns and frame style can impact the overall look.

Natural Light

When deciding which windows to put in your home, the amount of natural light you want in each room is one of the most important considerations. For instance, more oversized windows, like bay or picture windows, bring in abundant sunlight and transform spaces with an open and airy feel, making them great additions to kitchens, living rooms and dining rooms.

Privacy

Privacy is a crucial element of any living space and must be considered when choosing the right windows for your home. This consideration extends beyond your personal preferences, impacting overall comfort and security in your living spaces. For example, choosing frosted or tinted glass can significantly affect how much natural light enters a room while providing the desired level of privacy.